Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cardiovascular Risk, and Cognition Are Mediated by Structural Brain Health in Midlife.
Por:
España-Irla G, Gomes-Osman J, Cattaneo G, Albu S, Cabello-Toscano M, Solana-Sanchéz J, Redondo-Camós M, Delgado-Gallén S, Alviarez-Schulze V, Pachón-García C, Tormos JM, Bartrés-Faz D, Morris TP and Pascual-Leone Á
Publicada:
21 sep 2021
Ahead of Print:
13 sep 2021
Resumen:
Background Evidence in older adults suggests that higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower cardiovascular risk are associated with greater cognition. However, given that changes in the brain that lead to cognitive decline begin decades before the onset of symptoms, understanding the mechanisms by which modifiable cardiovascular factors are associated with brain health in midlife is critical and can lead to the development of strategies to promote and maintain brain health as we age. Methods and Results In 501 middle-aged (aged 40-65 years) adult participants of the BBHI (Barcelona Brain Health Initiative), we found differential associations among cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk, and cognition and cortical thickness. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with better visuospatial abilities and frontal loading abstract problem solving (ß=3.16, P=0.049) in the older middle-aged group (aged 55-65 years). In contrast, cardiovascular risk was negatively associated with better visuospatial reasoning and problem-solving abilities (ß=-0.046, P=0.002), flexibility (ß=-0.054, P<0.001), processing speed (ß=-0.115, P<0.001), and memory (ß=-0.120, P<0.001). Cortical thickness in frontal regions mediated the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognition, whereas cortical thickness in a disperse network spanning multiple cortical regions across both hemispheres mediated the relationship between cardiovascular risk and cognition. Conclusions The relationships between modifiable cardiovascular factors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular risk, and cognition are present in healthy middle-aged adults. These relationships are also mediated by brain structure highlighting a potential mechanistic pathway through which higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower cardiovascular risk can positively impact cognitive function in midlife.
Filiaciones:
España-Irla G:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Gomes-Osman J:
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL
Cattaneo G:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Albu S:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Cabello-Toscano M:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut de Neurociències Universitat de Barcelona Spain
:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Redondo-Camós M:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Delgado-Gallén S:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Alviarez-Schulze V:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Pachón-García C:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
Bartrés-Faz D:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Medicine Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut de Neurociències Universitat de Barcelona Spain
Morris TP:
Department of Psychology Center for Cognitive and Brain Health Northeastern University Boston MA
Pascual-Leone Á:
Guttmann Brain Health Institute Institut GuttmannInstitut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB Badalona Spain
Department of Neurology Harvard Medical School Boston MA
Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health Hebrew SeniorLife Boston MA
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